Growth versus metabolic tissue replacement in mouse tissues determined by stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis
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چکیده
Stable-isotope signatures in animal tissues presumably reflect the local food web. However, that assumption may be complicated by differential nutrient routing, fractionation, and the possibility that large organisms are not in isotopic equilibrium with seasonally available food sources. Additionally, the rate at which organisms incorporate the isotopic signature of a food is largely unknown. In this study we assessed the rate of carbonand nitrogen-isotope turnover in liver, muscle, and blood in mice (Mus musculus L., 1758) following a diet change. We report the proportion of tissue turnover caused by growth versus that caused by metabolic tissue replacement. Growth accounted for approximately 10% of observed tissue turnover in adult mice. Blood carbon had the shortest half-life (16.9 days), followed by muscle carbon (23.9 days). Liver carbon turnover, which was slower than blood and muscle carbon turnovers, was not as well described by the exponential decay equations. All tissues primarily reflect the protein carbon signature rather than the carbohydrate carbon signature. The nitrogen signature in all tissues was enriched by 3‰–5‰ over their diets’ nitrogen signature, depending on tissue type, and the isotopic turnover rates of nitrogen in blood and muscle were comparable with those observed for carbon. Résumé : On présume que les signatures d’isotopes stables dans les tissus animaux reflètent le réseau alimentaire local. Cependant, cette supposition peut être compliquée par le cheminement différentiel des nutriments, par la fractionation et par la possibilité que les grands organismes n’aient pas atteint un équilibre isotopique avec leurs sources de nourriture qui sont disponibles sur une base saisonnière. De plus, le taux auquel les organismes incorporent la signature isotopique d’un type de nourriture est en grande partie inconnu. Dans notre étude, nous avons mesuré le taux de remplacement des isotopes de carbone et d’azote dans le foie, le muscle et le sang de souris (Mus musculus L., 1758) après un changement de régime alimentaire. Nous présentons la proportion du remplacement de tissus causée par la croissance, par rapport à celle due au renouvellement métabolique des tissus. La croissance est responsable d’environ 10 % du remplacement de tissus observé chez les souris. Le carbone sanguin a la demi-vie la plus courte (16,9 jours), suivi du carbone musculaire (23,9 jours). Le remplacement du carbone hépatique, plus lent que celui du sang ou du muscle, n’est pas aussi bien décrit par les équations exponentielles de dégradation. Tous les tissus exhibent surtout la signature du carbone des protéines, plutôt que celle du carbone des hydrates de carbone. La signature d’azote dans tous les tissus est enrichie de 3 ‰ – 5 ‰ par rapport au régime alimentaire, selon les tissus, et les taux de remplacement isotopique observés dans le sang et dans le muscle sont comparables à ceux observés pour le carbone. [Traduit par la Rédaction] MacAvoy et al. 641
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تاریخ انتشار 2005